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question:You are planning to build a custom text editor and you want to include a feature that can automatically format JSON objects. Given a JSON object as a string, you need to format it in a more readable way by adding indentation and line breaks. The rules for formatting are as follows: - Each JSON object should be enclosed in curly braces `{}` or square brackets `[]`. - Each key and value pair inside a JSON object should be indented. - Indentation for each level should be increased by four spaces. For example, given the input `{"name":"John","age":30,"cars":["Ford","BMW","Fiat"]}`, the expected formatted output is: ``` { "name": "John", "age": 30, "cars": [ "Ford", "BMW", "Fiat" ] } ``` Your task is to write a function that takes a JSON object as a string and returns a formatted version of that JSON object as a string. # Input The input is provided as a single string, representing a valid JSON object. The length of the string is less than or equal to 10^5 characters. # Output The output should be a string representing the formatted JSON object. # Example Input: ``` {"name":"John","age":30,"cars":["Ford","BMW","Fiat"]} ``` Output: ``` { "name": "John", "age": 30, "cars": [ "Ford", "BMW", "Fiat" ] } ``` # Note - You can assume that the input JSON string is always valid and does not contain any nested JSON objects with more than 100 levels of nesting. - The JSON object will not contain any null values.
answer:import json def format_json(json_string): Formats a JSON string to a more readable format with indentation. Args: json_string (str): A JSON object as a string. Returns: str: A formatted JSON string. parsed_json = json.loads(json_string) formatted_json = json.dumps(parsed_json, indent=4) return formatted_json
question:You are given two integers, n and k, where 1 le n, k le 10^9. Additionally, you are given a collection of n integers, representing various distinct values. Your task is to identify the maximum possible sum of any subset of these integers such that the number of elements in the subset is exactly k. You have to implement a function that takes an integer array and two integers, and returns an integer representing the maximum possible sum of a subset with exactly k elements. Your code should have the following signature: ```python def max_subset_sum(nums: List[int], n: int, k: int) -> int: # Your code here ``` **Input:** - An integer array `nums` of `n` distinct integers. - Two integers `n` and `k`. **Output:** - An integer representing the maximum possible sum of a subset with exactly `k` elements. **Example:** ```python nums = [3, 2, 5, 1, 7] n = 5 k = 3 max_subset_sum(nums, n, k) ``` **Output:** ``` 15 ```
answer:from typing import List def max_subset_sum(nums: List[int], n: int, k: int) -> int: Returns the maximum possible sum of a subset with exactly k elements. # Sort the list in descending order sorted_nums = sorted(nums, reverse=True) # Sum the first k elements return sum(sorted_nums[:k])
question:You are given a list of integers, where each integer represents the number of pixels in a particular segment of a monochrome image. Each segment can be either black or white, and consecutive segments of the same color should be combined into one stretch in the output. Your task is to create a function `combine_segments(segments: List[int], colors: List[str]) -> List[Tuple[int, str]]` where `segments` is a list of integers representing segment lengths and `colors` is a list of strings representing the colors of each segment (`"black"` or `"white"`). The function should return a list of tuples, each consisting of the total length of combined consecutive segments and their common color. # Function Signature ```python def combine_segments(segments: List[int], colors: List[str]) -> List[Tuple[int, str]]: ``` # Input - `segments` (List[int]): A list of integers where each integer is a positive value indicating the number of pixels in the segment. - `colors` (List[str]): A list of color values (`"black"` or `"white"`) of the same length as `segments`, indicating the color of each segment. # Output - List[Tuple[int, str]]: A list of tuples where the first element is the combined length of consecutive segments with the same color, and the second element is the color. # Example ```python segments = [5, 3, 2, 4, 6, 2] colors = ["black", "black", "white", "black", "white", "white"] combine_segments(segments, colors) ``` Expected Output ```python [(8, "black"), (2, "white"), (4, "black"), (8, "white")] ``` # Constraints - `1 <= len(segments) == len(colors) <= 10^3` - Each value in `segments` is a positive integer. - Each value in `colors` is either "black" or "white".
answer:from typing import List, Tuple def combine_segments(segments: List[int], colors: List[str]) -> List[Tuple[int, str]]: Combine segments of the same color into one stretch. Arguments: segments -- list of integers representing segment lengths colors -- list of strings representing segment colors Returns: list of tuples where each tuple contains combined length of consecutive same colored segments and their color combined_segments = [] if not segments or not colors: return combined_segments current_length = segments[0] current_color = colors[0] for i in range(1, len(segments)): if colors[i] == current_color: current_length += segments[i] else: combined_segments.append((current_length, current_color)) current_length = segments[i] current_color = colors[i] combined_segments.append((current_length, current_color)) return combined_segments
question:You are given an array of integers nums with length n, and you are guaranteed that there exists exactly one peak element. A peak element is an element that is strictly greater than its neighbors. If an element is the first or last one in the array, then it only needs to be greater than its one neighbor. Your task is to write a function `findPeakElement` that takes an array nums as input and returns the index of the peak element. The array may contain at least 1 and up to 50,000 integers. You may assume that nums[-1] and nums[n] are both negative infinity (-∞). Your algorithm should run in O(log n) time. # Input Format - An array of integers nums # Output Format - An integer denoting the index of the peak element. # Example Input: ``` [1, 2, 3, 1] ``` Output: ``` 2 ``` Input: ``` [1, 2, 1, 3, 5, 6, 4] ``` Output: ``` 5 ``` # Constraints - 1 ≤ nums.length ≤ 50,000 - Integer values in nums are within the range [-2^31, 2^31 - 1]. - nums[i] ≠ nums[i+1] for any integers i. **Hint**: Use a binary search approach for an optimal O(log n) solution.
answer:def findPeakElement(nums): Finds the peak element in the array nums and returns its index. A peak element is an element that is strictly greater than its neighbors. left, right = 0, len(nums) - 1 while left < right: mid = (left + right) // 2 if nums[mid] > nums[mid + 1]: right = mid else: left = mid + 1 return left