answer:import torch def int_array_to_binary_matrix(int_array, num_bits=8): Transform a 1D integer array into a binary matrix using PyTorch, where each row in the matrix represents the binary representation of the corresponding integer in the array, with a fixed number of columns (num_bits) for the binary representation. Parameters: - int_array (list): 1D list of integers. - num_bits (int): Number of bits for binary representation. Returns: - torch.Tensor: A binary matrix (2D tensor) where each row represents the binary representation of the corresponding integer in the int_array. bin_matrix = [] for num in int_array: bin_rep = list(f"{num:0{num_bits}b}") bin_matrix.append([int(bit) for bit in bin_rep]) return torch.tensor(bin_matrix, dtype=torch.int8)

answer:def evaluate_expression(expression): Evaluates a simple mathematical expression. The expression includes integers, +, -, *, / operators, and parentheses. def helper(tokens): stack = [] num = 0 sign = '+' while len(tokens) > 0: token = tokens.pop(0) if token.isdigit(): num = int(token) if token == '(': num = helper(tokens) if (not token.isdigit() and token != ' ') or len(tokens) == 0: if sign == '+': stack.append(num) elif sign == '-': stack.append(-num) elif sign == '*': stack[-1] = stack[-1] * num elif sign == '/': stack[-1] = int(stack[-1] / num) sign = token num = 0 if token == ')': break return sum(stack) # Removing spaces and converting the expression into tokens tokens = [] i = 0 while i < len(expression): if expression[i] == ' ': i += 1 continue if expression[i].isdigit(): num = '' while i < len(expression) and expression[i].isdigit(): num += expression[i] i += 1 tokens.append(num) else: tokens.append(expression[i]) i += 1 return helper(tokens)

answer:import os def list_files_in_directory(directory, output_file): Lists all files in the given directory and its subdirectories and writes the results to a text file. Args: directory (str): The target directory to list files from. output_file (str): The path to the output text file. Raises: ValueError: If the directory does not exist or is not a directory. if not os.path.exists(directory): raise ValueError(f"The directory {directory} does not exist.") if not os.path.isdir(directory): raise ValueError(f"The path {directory} is not a directory.") try: with open(output_file, 'w') as f: for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory): for file in files: file_path = os.path.join(root, file) try: f.write(file_path + 'n') except Exception as e: print(f"Error writing file {file_path}: {e}") except IOError as e: print(f"Error opening or writing to output file: {e}")

answer:def filter_data(data, key, threshold): Filters a list of dictionaries based on a threshold value of a specific key. Args: data (list): List of dictionaries to filter. key (str): The key to filter by. threshold (int or float): The threshold value. Returns: list: A new list of dictionaries with entries where the specified key's value is greater than the threshold. return [entry for entry in data if entry.get(key, float('-inf')) > threshold]