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question:Given a string of space-separated words, write a function that capitalizes the first and last character of each word. If a word has only one character, capitalize it. Your function should return the modified string. The input contains multiple test cases. The first line is the number of test cases t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100). Each of the next t lines contains a string of words. Each string consists of lowercase alphabetical characters and spaces. SAMPLE INPUT 2 hello world this is a test SAMPLE OUTPUT HellO WorlD ThiS IS A TesT
answer:def capitalize_first_last_chars(t, cases): Capitalizes the first and last character of each word in the string. If the word has only one character, it will be capitalized. :param int t: number of test cases :param list cases: list of strings; each being one test case :return: list of modified strings results = [] for s in cases: words = s.split() capitalized_words = [] for word in words: if len(word) == 1: capitalized_words.append(word.upper()) else: capitalized_words.append(word[0].upper() + word[1:-1] + word[-1].upper()) results.append(' '.join(capitalized_words)) return results
question:A company is organizing a team-building event for n employees, where each employee is represented by a unique ID from 1 to n. The event involves k number of team games, and each game requires a team of m employees to participate. The company needs to determine how many distinct ways there are to form the teams for the games. Two ways of forming the teams are considered distinct if there is at least one game in which the team of m employees is different. The same set of employees in different orders in a team is not considered distinct. For example, with n = 4 employees and m = 2 in one team game, the teams (1, 2) and (2, 1) are considered the same. Write a program to count the number of distinct ways to form k teams for the games and print the result modulo 10^9 + 7. Input The input consists of multiple test cases. The first line contains a single integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of test cases. Each test case consists of a single line which contains three space-separated integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 12), k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10), and m (1 ≤ m ≤ n). Output For each test case, output a single line with the number of distinct ways to form the k teams modulo 10^9 + 7. Example Input 3 4 2 2 5 1 3 6 3 2 Output 6 10 90 Explanation In the first test case, there are 4 employees, and they need to form 2 teams with 2 employees in each team. The 6 distinct ways are: (1, 2)-(3, 4), (1, 3)-(2, 4), (1, 4)-(2, 3), (2, 3)-(1, 4), (2, 4)-(1, 3), (3, 4)-(1, 2). In the second test case, with 5 employees and 1 team of 3 employees, the 10 distinct ways are: (1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 4), (1, 2, 5), (1, 3, 4), (1, 3, 5), (1, 4, 5), (2, 3, 4), (2, 3, 5), (2, 4, 5), (3, 4, 5). In the third test case, with 6 employees and 3 teams of 2 employees, there are 90 distinct ways to form these teams.
answer:from math import comb MOD = 10**9 + 7 def distinct_teams_count(n, k, m): Returns the number of distinct ways to form k teams each consisting of m employees from a total of n employees modulo 10^9 + 7. if k * m > n: return 0 remaining = n result = 1 for _ in range(k): result = (result * comb(remaining, m)) % MOD remaining -= m return result def process_input(input_lines): Processes the input lines to extract test cases and compute results. t = int(input_lines[0]) results = [] for i in range(1, t + 1): n, k, m = map(int, input_lines[i].split()) results.append(distinct_teams_count(n, k, m)) return results
question:There is a unique series of numbers known as the "Mystery Series." The first few values of the series are known to you, but the challenge is to write a program that can compute the nth value in the series. (Read Input n Output the nth number in the Mystery Series) SAMPLE INPUT 5 SAMPLE OUTPUT 18
answer:def mystery_series(n): Returns the nth value in the Mystery Series. # Sample placeholder formula to compute the nth value in the series return 3 * n + 3
question:Dr. Watson has been studying ancient manuscripts and stumbled upon a peculiar arithmetic riddle. Each scroll contains a list of integers, and Watson must identify a subset with an interesting property: the sum of any two integers in the subset must not be divisible by a given integer K. Your task is to help Dr. Watson determine the size of the largest possible subset with this property from the given list of integers. Input: The first line contains an integer T, which represents the number of test cases. Each test case starts with a line containing two integers N and K. The second line of each test case contains N space-separated integers forming the array A. Output: For each test case, print the size of the largest subset where the sum of any two integers is not divisible by K. Constraints: 1 ≤ T ≤ 10 1 ≤ N ≤ 10^3 1 ≤ Ai ≤ 10^6 1 ≤ K ≤ 1,000 SAMPLE INPUT 2 4 3 1 7 2 4 5 5 1 2 3 4 5 SAMPLE OUTPUT 3 3
answer:def largest_subset_size(T, test_cases): results = [] for i in range(T): N, K = test_cases[i][0] A = test_cases[i][1] # Array to store counts of remainders remainder_counts = [0] * K # Fill the frequency array with counts of respective remainders for num in A: remainder_counts[num % K] += 1 # Initialize the result count count = 0 # If there are any elements which are exactly divisible by k, we can take at most one if remainder_counts[0] > 0: count += 1 # Traverse remainder_elements from 1 to (k//2) and choose maximum count for r in range(1, (K//2) + 1): if r != K - r: count += max(remainder_counts[r], remainder_counts[K - r]) else: # If remainder half k (like 3 out of 6), we can only take one if remainder_counts[r] > 0: count += 1 results.append(count) return results # Test the function with sample input T = 2 test_cases = [ ((4, 3), [1, 7, 2, 4]), ((5, 5), [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) ] print(largest_subset_size(T, test_cases)) # Output should be [3, 3]