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question:In a bid to improve the warehouse management system for an e-commerce company, the logistics team wants to design an algorithm that can help in sorting the products based on their delivery urgency. Each product has a unique identifier and an associated urgency score. The urgency score is a positive integer where a higher value indicates a more urgent delivery requirement. The team wants a function that takes in a list of products along with their urgency scores and sorts the products in descending order of their urgency scores. If two products have the same urgency score, they should be ordered by their unique identifier in ascending order. -----Input----- The first line of input contains a single integer n, the number of products (1 <= n <= 100000). The next n lines each contain a product's identifier and urgency score. The identifier is a positive integer (1 <= identifier <= 1000000) and the urgency score is also a positive integer (1 <= score <= 1000000). -----Output----- Output the sorted list of products in descending order of their urgency scores. If two products have the same urgency score, they should be ordered by their identifier in ascending order. -----Example----- Input: 5 101 5 305 3 205 5 402 2 104 5 Output: 101 5 104 5 205 5 305 3 402 2 Explanation: The products are ordered first by their urgency score in descending order. For products with the same urgency score of 5, the identifiers are sorted in ascending order.
answer:def sort_products(products): Sorts the list of products based on the urgency score in descending order. If two products have the same urgency score, they are sorted by their identifier in ascending order. Args: products (list of tuples): List where each element is a tuple containing the product's identifier and urgency score. Returns: list of tuples: Sorted list of products. # Sort by urgency score descending, and by identifier ascending return sorted(products, key=lambda x: (-x[1], x[0]))
question:In a magical forest, there is a mage who can cast two types of spells: fireballs and ice spikes. However, there is a special mechanic that determines how these spells can be cast in sequence. Specifically, a fireball must always be followed by an ice spike or another fireball, and an ice spike must always be followed by a fireball or another ice spike. You are tasked with finding the number of valid sequences of spells the mage can cast, given a specific number of spells. For example, if the mage can cast 3 spells, the possible sequences are: 1. FFI 2. FIF 3. IFF 4. FII 5. IIF Note that "FFI" is valid since a fireball is followed by either a fireball or an ice spike, and "IIF" is valid since an ice spike is followed by either an ice spike or a fireball. Input format: The first line contains the number of test cases. Every test case contains a single integer N, which indicates the number of spells to be cast. Output format: Print the number of valid spell sequences for each test case modulo by 1000000007. Constraints: 1 ≤ Test Cases < 1001 1 ≤ N ≤ 1000000 SAMPLE INPUT 3 2 3 4 SAMPLE OUTPUT 4 5 11
answer:MOD = 1000000007 def valid_spell_sequences(n): if n == 1: return 2 # "F", "I" dp = [0] * (n + 1) dp[1], dp[2] = 2, 4 # "F" or "I" for n == 1: [F, I], for n == 2: [FF, FI, IF, II] for i in range(3, n + 1): dp[i] = (dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]) % MOD return dp[n] def process_test_cases(test_cases): results = [] for n in test_cases: results.append(valid_spell_sequences(n)) return results # Input and Output Processing def main(): import sys input = sys.stdin.read data = input().split() T = int(data[0]) test_cases = [int(data[i]) for i in range(1, T + 1)] results = process_test_cases(test_cases) for result in results: print(result) if __name__ == "__main__": main()
question:During a renovation of an old library, workers found a very old diary with some mysterious writings. One of the pages had multiple lists of positive integers written in a particular order. Upon close inspection, it was found that these lists of integers were not just randomly written but followed a specific pattern. Your task is to determine if a given list of integers forms a non-decreasing sequence when looked at in reverse order. In other words, verify if reversing the input list results in a non-decreasing sequence. -----Input----- The first line of input data contains an integer t (1 leq t leq 200) — the number of test cases. Next, descriptions of t test cases follow. The first line of each test case contains a single integer n (1 leq n leq 100000) — the length of the list. The second line contains n space-separated positive integers. It is guaranteed that the sum of the values n over all test cases does not exceed 200000. -----Output----- For each of t test cases, print "YES" if the reversed list forms a non-decreasing sequence, otherwise print "NO". -----Examples----- Input 2 4 1 2 3 4 5 5 4 3 3 2 Output NO YES -----Note----- In the first test case, reversing the list gives [4, 3, 2, 1], which is not a non-decreasing sequence. In the second test case, reversing the list gives [2, 3, 3, 4, 5], which is a non-decreasing sequence.
answer:def is_non_decreasing_when_reversed(t, test_cases): results = [] for case in test_cases: n, lst = case # Reverse the list reversed_lst = lst[::-1] # Check if it is non-decreasing is_non_decreasing = all(reversed_lst[i] <= reversed_lst[i + 1] for i in range(n - 1)) if is_non_decreasing: results.append("YES") else: results.append("NO") return results def process_input(input_data): lines = input_data.strip().split("n") t = int(lines[0]) test_cases = [] current_line = 1 for _ in range(t): n = int(lines[current_line]) lst = list(map(int, lines[current_line + 1].split())) test_cases.append((n, lst)) current_line += 2 return t, test_cases
question:Anthony is cultivating a new type of plant and wants to analyze the growth pattern over a certain period. He has catalogued the plant’s height each day for several days and wants to determine how often the plant grows compared to the previous day. Given a list of integers representing the height of the plant over a number of days, calculate the number of days the plant height increased compared to the previous day. Input The first line of the input contains an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100) — the number of days for which the heights are available. The second line contains n integers h_1, h_2, ..., h_n (0 ≤ h_i ≤ 10000) — the heights of the plant on each of the n days. Output Print a single integer — the number of days when the plant height increased compared to the previous day. Examples Input 5 1 2 2 3 5 Output 3 Input 4 10 9 8 7 Output 0 Note In the first example, the plant height increased on three occasions: from day 1 to day 2 (1 -> 2), from day 3 to day 4 (2 -> 3), and from day 4 to day 5 (3 -> 5). In the second example, the plant height never increased compared to the previous day.
answer:def count_growth_days(n, heights): Returns the number of days the plant height increased compared to the previous day. :param n: integer, number of days :param heights: list of integers, heights of the plant over the days :return: integer, number of days of growth growth_days = 0 for i in range(1, n): if heights[i] > heights[i - 1]: growth_days += 1 return growth_days