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question:A conveyor system at a factory transports products represented by an array of integers `products`, where the `i-th` integer denotes the type of product being processed at that position on the conveyor belt. Occasionally, a product needs to be replaced with a new one due to quality control. You are given an integer `k` which denotes the maximum length of the segment of products allowed to be replaced in one operation. Your task is to find the length of the longest subsequence of unique product types that can be achieved by performing at most one operation of replacing up to `k` consecutive products. If no replacement is needed, the length of the subsequence should be the initial distinct product types present. Return the length of the longest subsequence of unique product types after performing the operation.
answer:def longest_subsequence_with_replacement(products, k): Find the length of the longest subsequence of unique product types that can be achieved by performing at most one operation of replacing up to 'k' consecutive products. n = len(products) if n == 0: return 0 # Initial count of unique products unique_products = set(products) initial_unique_count = len(unique_products) if k >= n: return initial_unique_count max_length = initial_unique_count # Consider segments of length at most k to replace for i in range(n): replacement_set = set() for j in range(i, min(i + k, n)): replacement_set.add(products[j]) after_replacement_unique_count = len(replacement_set) max_length = max(max_length, after_replacement_unique_count) return max_length
question:You are given a list of `n` processes, which are to be executed by a single-core CPU. Each process is represented by a tuple `(pid, arrival_time, burst_time)`, where `pid` is the process ID, `arrival_time` is the time at which the process arrives at the CPU, and `burst_time` is the time required by the process for execution. Implement the `CPU` class to simulate a CPU scheduling algorithm. The methods that need to be implemented are: * `CPU()`: Initializes the CPU with an empty process queue. * `void addProcess(int pid, int arrival_time, int burst_time)`: Adds a new process to the CPU queue. * `List<Integer> executeProcesses()`: Executes the processes in the order of their arrival time using the First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS) scheduling algorithm. This method should return a list of process IDs in the order they complete execution. When two processes have the same `arrival_time`, they should be executed based on their `burst_time`, with the process having the shorter `burst_time` being executed first. If two processes have the same `burst_time` as well, they should be executed in the order of their `pid`. The method should handle all processes currently in the CPU queue and simulate the execution in real-time, returning the list of `pid`s in order of their completion.
answer:class CPU: def __init__(self): self.processes = [] def addProcess(self, pid, arrival_time, burst_time): self.processes.append((pid, arrival_time, burst_time)) def executeProcesses(self): # Sort by arrival_time, then by burst_time, and finally by pid self.processes.sort(key=lambda x: (x[1], x[2], x[0])) execution_order = [process[0] for process in self.processes] return execution_order
question:You are given an integer array `costs` where `costs[i]` represents the cost of the `i-th` item for a shopping list. You are also given an integer `budget` that represents the maximum amount of money you can spend. You are allowed to pick any number of items from the array such that their total cost does not exceed the given `budget`. Find the maximum number of items you can include in your shopping list without exceeding the budget. Return the maximum number of items you can buy.
answer:def max_items_within_budget(costs, budget): Returns the maximum number of items that can be bought without exceeding the given budget. :param costs: List of integers representing the costs of the items. :param budget: Integer representing the maximum budget. :return: Integer representing the maximum number of items that can be bought within the budget. costs.sort() count = 0 total_cost = 0 for cost in costs: if total_cost + cost <= budget: total_cost += cost count += 1 else: break return count
question:You are given a **0-indexed** array of `n` integers `arr`. Your task is to determine the **longest subsequence** of `arr` such that the difference between each pair of **consecutive** elements in the subsequence is an **even** number. Return _the length of the longest such subsequence_. If no such subsequence exists, return `0`.
answer:def longest_even_diff_subsequence(arr): Returns the length of the longest subsequence such that the difference between each pair of consecutive elements in the subsequence is an even number. Parameters: arr (list of int): The input array of integers. Returns: int: The length of the longest such subsequence. if not arr: return 0 # Separate all elements by even and odd even_elements = [num for num in arr if num % 2 == 0] odd_elements = [num for num in arr if num % 2 != 0] longest_subseq = max(len(even_elements), len(odd_elements)) return longest_subseq