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question:def multiplyStrings(str1: str, str2: str) -> str: Given two strings str1 and str2 which represent two large positive integers, this function finds the product of these two integers and returns the result as a string. Example: >>> multiplyStrings("123456789", "987654321") "121932631112635269" >>> multiplyStrings("999", "999") "998001"
answer:def multiplyStrings(str1, str2): Function to multiply two large numbers represented as strings. if str1 == "0" or str2 == "0": return "0" n = len(str1) m = len(str2) result = [0] * (n + m) for i in range(n - 1, -1, -1): for j in range(m - 1, -1, -1): mul = (ord(str1[i]) - ord('0')) * (ord(str2[j]) - ord('0')) p1, p2 = i + j, i + j + 1 sum = mul + result[p2] result[p1] += sum // 10 result[p2] = sum % 10 # Convert the result array to a string, skipping leading zeros result_str = ''.join(map(str, result)) return result_str.lstrip('0')
question:def determine_winner(N, P, Q, B): Determine the winner of the game with the given rules. Args: N: Number of elements in sequence B. P: Target value P. Q: Target value Q. B: Sequence of integers. Returns: Integer representing the result of the game. 1 if Milan can win, 2 if Berta can win, 0 if it ends in a tie. >>> determine_winner(2, 6, 3, [2, 4]) 0 >>> determine_winner(3, 18, 9, [3, 2, 6]) 0 pass def solve(U, test_cases): Solve all test cases. Args: U: Number of test cases. test_cases: List of test cases. Returns: List of results for each test case. results = [] for i in range(U): N, P, Q = test_cases[i][:3] B = test_cases[i][3:] results.append(determine_winner(N, P, Q, B)) return results # Unit tests def test_example(): U = 2 test_cases = [ (2, 6, 3, [2, 4]), (3, 18, 9, [3, 2, 6]), ] assert solve(U, test_cases) == [0, 0] def test_no_moves_possible(): U = 2 test_cases = [ (1, 100, 200, [2]), (1, 50, 80, [3]), ] assert solve(U, test_cases) == [0, 0] def test_single_large_element(): U = 2 test_cases = [ (1, 10**9, 10**9, [10**9]), (1, 10**8, 10**9, [10**9]), ] assert solve(U, test_cases) == [0, 0] def test_multiple_scenarios(): U = 3 test_cases = [ (4, 5, -3, [1, 2, 3, 4]), (5, 10, -10, [10, 45, 2, 3, 7]), (2, -4, 4, [2, 5]), ] assert solve(U, test_cases) == [0, 0, 0]
answer:def determine_winner(N, P, Q, B): # If T starts at 0, both multiplication and division won't change T, i.e., T remains 0. # Hence, it is impossible to reach any non-zero P or Q from 0 in any number of moves. # The only sensible approach here is that it ends in a tie when T starts at 0 return 0 def solve(U, test_cases): results = [] for i in range(U): N, P, Q = test_cases[i][:3] B = test_cases[i][3:] results.append(determine_winner(N, P, Q, B)) return results
question:def is_hilly_string(s: str) -> str: Determine if the given string is a hilly string. >>> is_hilly_string("abcba") "YES" >>> is_hilly_string("abaa") "NO" >>> is_hilly_string("zyx") "YES"
answer:def is_hilly_string(s): Determine if the given string is a hilly string. Args: s (str): The input string containing only lowercase English letters. Returns: str: "YES" if the string is a hilly string, otherwise "NO". n = len(s) if n == 1: return "NO" increasing = True peak_reached = False for i in range(1, n): if increasing: if s[i] > s[i-1]: continue elif s[i] == s[i-1]: return "NO" else: increasing = False peak_reached = True if not increasing: if s[i] < s[i-1]: continue else: return "NO" return "YES" if peak_reached else "NO"
question:def containsDuplicate(arr): Given an array of integers, find if the array contains any duplicates. Your function should return true if any value appears at least twice in the array, and false if every element is distinct. Args: arr (List[int]): List of integers. Returns: bool: True if there are duplicates, False otherwise. Examples: >>> containsDuplicate([1, 2, 3, 1]) True >>> containsDuplicate([1, 2, 3, 4]) False
answer:def containsDuplicate(arr): Returns True if the array contains any duplicates, otherwise False. seen = set() for num in arr: if num in seen: return True seen.add(num) return False