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question:You are organizing a concert and have an array representing seat reservations. Each element in the array indicates the number of seats reserved in that row. The concert hall staff have mistakenly reserved certain rows for VIP guests. Can you write a function to update the array by replacing the reserved seats in the VIP rows with the string "VIP"? ------ Input Format ------ - The first line will contain T - the number of test cases. Then the test cases follow. - Each test case contains two lines: - The first line contains a single integer N - the number of rows in the concert hall. - The second line contains N integers where the i-th integer represents the number of seats reserved in the i-th row. ------ Output Format ------ For each test case, output an array where VIP rows are replaced with the string "VIP". For simplicity, assume VIP rows are at every odd index (1-based). ------ Constraints ------ 1 ≤ T ≤ 100 1 ≤ N ≤ 100 0 ≤ text{Number of seats reserved in each row} ≤ 500 ------ Sample Input 1 ------ 2 5 10 20 30 40 50 3 5 15 25 ------ Sample Output 1 ------ [10, "VIP", 30, "VIP", 50] [5, "VIP", 25] ------ Explanation 1 ------ Test case-1: The VIP rows are at indices 2 and 4 (1-based). Hence, the output array is [10, "VIP", 30, "VIP", 50]. Test case-2: The VIP row is at index 2 (1-based). Hence, the output array is [5, "VIP", 25].
answer:def update_seat_reservations(seat_reservations): Updates the seat reservations array by replacing seats in VIP rows with "VIP". VIP rows are at every odd index (1-based). updated_reservations = [] for i in range(len(seat_reservations)): if (i + 1) % 2 == 0: # VIP rows (1-based index is odd) updated_reservations.append("VIP") else: updated_reservations.append(seat_reservations[i]) return updated_reservations def process_test_cases(test_cases): Processes multiple test cases and returns their outputs. results = [] for case in test_cases: N, seat_reservations = case results.append(update_seat_reservations(seat_reservations)) return results
question:Write a program that finds the largest rectangular sub-matrix with elements that are all odd numbers within a given matrix. The size of the matrix is provided, and the program should identify the largest rectangle (by area) where all elements are odd numbers. Input The input consists of a single dataset in the following format: n m A1,1 A1,2 ... A1,m A2,1 A2,2 ... A2,m ... An,1 An,2 ... An,m n is the number of rows (1 ≤ n ≤ 100) and m is the number of columns (1 ≤ m ≤ 100); A is the element of the matrix, which is an integer between -10,000 and 10,000. Output Print the area of the largest rectangular sub-matrix with all elements being odd. If no such sub-matrix exists, print "0". Example Input 4 5 1 -3 5 7 2 4 -1 -3 5 9 1 3 7 2 4 2 4 9 11 13 Output 6
answer:def largest_odd_submatrix_area(matrix): n = len(matrix) m = len(matrix[0]) # Convert the matrix into a 0/1 matrix where 1 represents odd number and 0 represents even number bin_matrix = [[1 if matrix[i][j] % 2 != 0 else 0 for j in range(m)] for i in range(n)] max_area = 0 # Store the maximum area of submatrix of odd numbers heights = [0] * m # Heights for histogram representation for row in bin_matrix: for j in range(m): heights[j] = heights[j] + 1 if row[j] == 1 else 0 max_area = max(max_area, largest_rectangle_area(heights)) return max_area def largest_rectangle_area(heights): Helper function to determine the largest rectangle area in histogram. stack = [] max_area = 0 heights.append(0) for i in range(len(heights)): while stack and heights[stack[-1]] > heights[i]: h = heights[stack.pop()] w = i if not stack else i - stack[-1] - 1 max_area = max(max_area, h * w) stack.append(i) heights.pop() return max_area def parse_input(input_str): lines = input_str.strip().split('n') n, m = map(int, lines[0].split()) matrix = [list(map(int, line.split())) for line in lines[1:]] return matrix
question:You are given a string containing only lowercase alphabetical characters. You need to determine the smallest substring that contains all unique characters present in the original string. Return the length of this substring. ``` smallestSubstringContainingUniqueChars(originalString) smallestSubstringContainingUniqueChars("abac") All unique characters: {'a', 'b', 'c'} Minimum length substring containing all unique characters: "bac" Therefore, answer is 3 smallestSubstringContainingUniqueChars("aaaa") All unique characters: {'a'} Minimum length substring containing all unique characters: "a" Therefore, answer is 1 smallestSubstringContainingUniqueChars("abbcbcba") All unique characters: {'a', 'b', 'c'} Minimum length substring containing all unique characters: "cba" Therefore, answer is 3 ``` The length of the original string is an integer in the range [1, 1000].
answer:def smallestSubstringContainingUniqueChars(originalString): from collections import defaultdict unique_chars = set(originalString) required_chars_count = len(unique_chars) char_count = defaultdict(int) min_length = float('inf') left = 0 formed = 0 for right, char in enumerate(originalString): char_count[char] += 1 if char_count[char] == 1: # First occurrence of the character formed += 1 while formed == required_chars_count: min_length = min(min_length, right - left + 1) char_count[originalString[left]] -= 1 if char_count[originalString[left]] == 0: formed -= 1 left += 1 return min_length
question:You are given a string consisting of lowercase alphabets and your task is to transform this string into a palindrome by removing at most two characters from it. A palindrome is a string that reads the same backward as forward. Write a function that returns "YES" if the string can be transformed into a palindrome by removing at most two characters, or "NO" otherwise. Function Signature: ``` def can_transform_to_palindrome(s: str) -> str ``` # Input - A single string `s` of length between 1 and 1000. # Output - A single string: "YES" if it is possible to create a palindrome by removing at most two characters, otherwise "NO". # Example Example 1: ``` Input: abcbba Output: YES Explanation: The string can be transformed into "abcba" by removing one 'b', which is a palindrome. ``` Example 2: ``` Input: abcdef Output: NO Explanation: No palindrome can be formed by removing at most two characters from "abcdef". ``` Example 3: ``` Input: radar Output: YES Explanation: "radar" is already a palindrome, so no removals are needed. ``` Example 4: ``` Input: aabbccdd Output: NO Explanation: Even if we remove two characters, the remaining string cannot be rearranged into a palindrome. ``` # Note The function should handle edge cases like an already palindrome string or cases where immediate removal makes the string a palindrome. Consider optimizing the function to handle upper boundary constraints effectively.
answer:def can_transform_to_palindrome(s: str) -> str: def is_palindrome_range(i, j): while i < j: if s[i] != s[j]: return False i += 1 j -= 1 return True left, right = 0, len(s) - 1 while left < right: if s[left] != s[right]: if is_palindrome_range(left + 1, right) or is_palindrome_range(left, right - 1): return "YES" else: if is_palindrome_range(left + 1, right - 1): return "YES" else: return "NO" left += 1 right -= 1 return "YES"